![]() ![]() Cannabis is frequently used by pregnant women ( Ebrahim and Gfroerer, 2003 Brown et al., 2017 Young-Wolff et al., 2017 Agrawal et al., 2019), due to its anecdotal use as a treatment for morning sickness and its widespread acceptance as a harmless drug ( Dickson et al., 2018). The legalization and decriminalization of cannabis are rapidly expanding worldwide this has important societal and medical implications in relation to the developing brain. ![]() Insights are provided from both animal and human studies, including in vivo neuroimaging strategies. In this article, we discuss some recent advances in understanding the long-term molecular, epigenetic, electrophysiological, and behavioral consequences of prenatal, perinatal, and adolescent exposure to cannabis/delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol. Seminal animal research directly linked prenatal and adolescent exposure to delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, the major psychoactive component of cannabis, with protracted effects on adult neural systems relevant to psychiatric and substance use disorders. ![]() This relationship is especially strong in people with particular genetic polymorphisms, suggesting that cannabis use interacts with genotype to increase mental health risk. Epidemiological studies have long demonstrated a relationship between developmental cannabis exposure and later mental health symptoms. The recent shift in sociopolitical debates and growing liberalization of cannabis use across the globe has raised concern regarding its impact on vulnerable populations, such as pregnant women and adolescents. ![]()
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